World J Oncol

World Journal of Oncology, ISSN 1920-4531 print, 1920-454X online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, World J Oncol and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.wjon.org

Original Article

Volume 12, Number 6, December 2021, pages 225-231

Analysis of Demographics and Outcomes of Surgical Resection in the Central Nervous System of Patients With Metastatic Melanoma

Figure 1. The change in mortality from the year 2000 to 2014 is shown. Mortality is expressed as a percentage of the total number of cases performed in the study period.

**Table 1.** Characteristics of Patients With Metastatic Melanoma Who Underwent Craniotomy
Characteristic	Patients, n (%)
SNFs/LTAC: skilled nursing facilities/long-term acute care; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index.
Sex
Male	844 (69.4%)
Female	372 (30.6%)
Age
< 65	783 (64.4%)
> 65	433 (35.6%)
Race
White	965 (79.4%)
Nonwhite	251 (20.6%)
Hospital bed size
Small	113 (9.3%)
Medium	184 (15.1%)
Large	912 (75.0%)
Unknown	7 (0.6%)
Census division
New England	19 (1.6%)
Middle Atlantic	37 (3.0%)
Northeast	53 (4.4%)
Northwest	23 (1.9%)
South Atlantic	62 (5.1%)
Southeast	21 (1.7%)
Southwest	34 (2.8%)
Mountain	21 (1.7%)
Pacific	66 (5.4%)
Unknown	880 (72.4%)
Location/teaching status
Rural non-teaching	22 (1.8%)
Urban	231 (19.0%)
Teaching	859 (70.6%)
Unknown	104 (8.6%)
Region of hospital
Northeast	209 (17.2%)
Midwest	225 (18.5%)
South	466 (38.3%)
West	316 (26.0%)
Primary expected payer
Medicare	421 (34.6%)
Medicaid	115 (9.5%)
Private insurance	596 (49.0%)
Self-pay	45 (3.7%)
No charge	2 (0.2%)
Other	34 (2.8%)
Unknown	3 (0.2%)
Discharge disposition
Home	724 (59.5%)
Home health	172 (14.1%)
SNFs/LTAC	278 (22.9%)
Others	4 (0.3%)
Unknown	38 (3.1%)
CCI
1 - 3	93 (7.6%)
4 - 6	27 (2.2%)
> 6	1,096 (90.1%)
Year
2000	54 (4.4%)
2001	44 (3.6%)
2002	47 (3.9%)
2003	60 (4.9%)
2004	60 (4.9%)
2005	72 (5.9%)
2006	59 (4.9%)
2007	91 (7.5%)
2008	94 (7.7%)
2009	82 (6.7%)
2010	117 (9.6%)
2011	100 (8.2%)
2012	105 (8.6%)
2013	99 (8.1%)
2014	132 (10.9%)

Table 1. Characteristics of Patients With Metastatic Melanoma Who Underwent Craniotomy

Characteristic

Patients, n (%)

SNFs/LTAC: skilled nursing facilities/long-term acute care; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index.

Sex

Male

844 (69.4%)

Female

372 (30.6%)

Age

< 65

783 (64.4%)

> 65

433 (35.6%)

Race

White

965 (79.4%)

Nonwhite

251 (20.6%)

Hospital bed size

Small

113 (9.3%)

Medium

184 (15.1%)

Large

912 (75.0%)

Unknown

7 (0.6%)

Census division

New England

19 (1.6%)

Middle Atlantic

37 (3.0%)

Northeast

53 (4.4%)

Northwest

23 (1.9%)

South Atlantic

62 (5.1%)

Southeast

21 (1.7%)

Southwest

34 (2.8%)

Mountain

21 (1.7%)

Pacific

66 (5.4%)

Unknown

880 (72.4%)

Location/teaching status

Rural non-teaching

22 (1.8%)

Urban

231 (19.0%)

Teaching

859 (70.6%)

Unknown

104 (8.6%)

Region of hospital

Northeast

209 (17.2%)

Midwest

225 (18.5%)

South

466 (38.3%)

West

316 (26.0%)

Primary expected payer

Medicare

421 (34.6%)

Medicaid

115 (9.5%)

Private insurance

596 (49.0%)

Self-pay

45 (3.7%)

No charge

2 (0.2%)

Other

34 (2.8%)

Unknown

3 (0.2%)

Discharge disposition

Home

724 (59.5%)

Home health

172 (14.1%)

SNFs/LTAC

278 (22.9%)

Others

4 (0.3%)

Unknown

38 (3.1%)

CCI

1 - 3

93 (7.6%)

4 - 6

27 (2.2%)

> 6

1,096 (90.1%)

Year

2000

54 (4.4%)

2001

44 (3.6%)

2002

47 (3.9%)

2003

60 (4.9%)

2004

60 (4.9%)

2005

72 (5.9%)

2006

59 (4.9%)

2007

91 (7.5%)

2008

94 (7.7%)

2009

82 (6.7%)

2010

117 (9.6%)

2011

100 (8.2%)

2012

105 (8.6%)

2013

99 (8.1%)

2014

132 (10.9%)

**Table 2.** Multivariable Logistic Regression for the Influence of Various Patient and Hospital Characteristics on Mortality
Measure	Characteristic	Odds ratio	Standard error	z	P > \|z\|	95% CI
Age, sex, and white are patient characteristics. Midwest, South, and West are hospital geographic locations. Cons was used to estimate baseline odds. P was considered significant if < 0.05. CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI: confidence interval.
Mortality	Age > 65	1.12	0.39	0.33	0.74	0.57 - 2.20
	Sex	0.71	0.28	-0.87	0.39	0.33 - 1.54
	White	1.03	0.45	0.06	0.95	0.43 - 2.44
	Midwest	0.60	0.34	-0.91	0.37	0.20 - 1.80
	South	0.48	0.23	-1.55	0.12	0.19 - 1.21
	West	0.93	0.42	-0.16	0.87	0.39 - 2.24
	CCI	1.00	0.08	0.03	0.97	0.86 - 1.17
	Cons	0.05	0.04	-3.52	0.00	0.01 - 0.26

Table 2. Multivariable Logistic Regression for the Influence of Various Patient and Hospital Characteristics on Mortality

Measure

Characteristic

Odds ratio

Standard error

P > |z|

95% CI

Age, sex, and white are patient characteristics. Midwest, South, and West are hospital geographic locations. Cons was used to estimate baseline odds. P was considered significant if < 0.05. CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI: confidence interval.

Mortality

Age > 65

1.12

0.39

0.33

0.74

0.57 - 2.20

Sex

0.71

0.28

-0.87

0.39

0.33 - 1.54

White

1.03

0.45

0.06

0.95

0.43 - 2.44

Midwest

0.60

0.34

-0.91

0.37

0.20 - 1.80

South

0.48

0.23

-1.55

0.12

0.19 - 1.21

West

0.93

0.42

-0.16

0.87

0.39 - 2.24

CCI

1.00

0.08

0.03

0.97

0.86 - 1.17

Cons

0.05

0.04

-3.52

0.00

0.01 - 0.26

**Table 3.** Multivariable Logistic Regression for the Influence of Various Patient and Hospital Characteristics on LOS
Measure	Characteristic	Odds ratio	Standard error	z	P > \|z\|	95% CI
Age, sex, and white are patient characteristics. Midwest, South, and West are hospital geographic locations. Cons was used to estimate baseline odds. P was considered significant if < 0.05. LOS: length of stay; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI: confidence interval.
Ln(LOS)	Age > 65	0.12	0.05	2.39	0.02	0.02 - 0.21
	Sex	0.03	0.05	0.60	0.55	-0.07 - 0.13
	White	-0.01	0.06	-0.21	0.83	-0.13 - 0.10
	Midwest	-0.09	0.08	-1.18	0.24	-0.25 - 0.06
	South	-0.21	0.07	-3.08	0.00	-0.34 - (-0.07)
	West	-0.23	0.07	-3.27	0.00	-0.37 - (-0.09)
	CCI	0.07	0.01	6.44	0.00	0.05 - 0.09
	Year	0.00	0.01	-0.56	0.58	-0.01 - 0.01
	Cons	7.45	11.24	0.66	0.51	-14.60 - 29.4

Table 3. Multivariable Logistic Regression for the Influence of Various Patient and Hospital Characteristics on LOS

Measure

Characteristic

Odds ratio

Standard error

P > |z|

95% CI

Age, sex, and white are patient characteristics. Midwest, South, and West are hospital geographic locations. Cons was used to estimate baseline odds. P was considered significant if < 0.05. LOS: length of stay; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI: confidence interval.

Ln(LOS)

Age > 65

0.12

0.05

2.39

0.02

0.02 - 0.21

Sex

0.03

0.05

0.60

0.55

-0.07 - 0.13

White

-0.01

0.06

-0.21

0.83

-0.13 - 0.10

Midwest

-0.09

0.08

-1.18

0.24

-0.25 - 0.06

South

-0.21

0.07

-3.08

0.00

-0.34 - (-0.07)

West

-0.23

0.07

-3.27

0.00

-0.37 - (-0.09)

CCI

0.07

0.01

6.44

0.00

0.05 - 0.09

Year

0.00

0.01

-0.56

0.58

-0.01 - 0.01

Cons

7.45

11.24

0.66

0.51

-14.60 - 29.4

**Table 4.** Multivariable Logistic Regression for the Influence of Various Patient and Hospital Characteristics on Disposition to SNFs
Measure	Characteristic	Odds ratio	Standard error	z	P > \|z\|	95% CI
Age, sex, and white are patient characteristics. Midwest, South, and West are hospital geographic locations. Cons was used to estimate baseline odds. P was considered significant if < 0.05. SNFs: skilled nursing facilities; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI: confidence interval.
SNFs	Age > 65	2.94	0.44	7.30	0.00	2.20 - 3.93
	Sex	1.26	0.20	1.46	0.14	0.92 - 1.72
	White	0.87	0.16	-0.74	0.46	0.61 - 1.25
	Midwest	1.39	0.33	1.42	0.16	0.88 - 2.20
	South	0.76	0.16	-1.31	0.19	0.51 - 1.14
	West	0.63	0.14	-2.01	0.05	0.40 - 0.99
	CCI	1.22	0.05	5.11	0.00	1.13 - 1.32
	Year	1.03	0.02	1.81	0.07	1.00 - 1.07
	Cons	0.00	0.00	-1.90	0.06	0.00 - 10.21

Table 4. Multivariable Logistic Regression for the Influence of Various Patient and Hospital Characteristics on Disposition to SNFs

Measure

Characteristic

Odds ratio

Standard error

P > |z|

95% CI

Age, sex, and white are patient characteristics. Midwest, South, and West are hospital geographic locations. Cons was used to estimate baseline odds. P was considered significant if < 0.05. SNFs: skilled nursing facilities; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI: confidence interval.

SNFs

Age > 65

2.94

0.44

7.30

0.00

2.20 - 3.93

Sex

1.26

0.20

1.46

0.14

0.92 - 1.72

White

0.87

0.16

-0.74

0.46

0.61 - 1.25

Midwest

1.39

0.33

1.42

0.16

0.88 - 2.20

South

0.76

0.16

-1.31

0.19

0.51 - 1.14

West

0.63

0.14

-2.01

0.05

0.40 - 0.99

CCI

1.22

0.05

5.11

0.00

1.13 - 1.32

Year

1.03

0.02

1.81

0.07

1.00 - 1.07

Cons

0.00

-1.90

0.06

0.00 - 10.21