World Journal of Oncology, ISSN 1920-4531 print, 1920-454X online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, World J Oncol and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website https://www.wjon.org

Original Article

Volume 14, Number 4, August 2023, pages 255-265


Hemophilus influenzae Infection’s Association With Decreased Risk of Breast Cancer

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Diagram depicting grouping of patients matched by age range, CCI, and antibiotic treatment. CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index.
Figure 2.
Figure 2. The incidence of breast cancer was 259 (1.905%) in the H. influenzae group compared to 686 (5.044%) in the control group. This difference was statistically significant by P < 2.2 × 10-16 (OR = 0.604, 95% CI: 0.553 - 0.660). OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
Figure 3.
Figure 3. Sexes of patients with and without previous H. influenzae infection who developed breast cancer. In the experimental group for males, < 11 signifies that there were less than 11 patients in this subset of data. The exact number of patients could not be provided because of HIPPA constraints. H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
Figure 4.
Figure 4. Age ranges of patients with and without H. influenzae who developed breast cancer. H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
Figure 5.
Figure 5. Regions of breast cancer development most prevalent amongst individuals with and without prior H. influenzae infections. H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
Figure 6.
Figure 6. Timeline indicating which year the highest rate of breast cancer development was in patients with H. influenzae and patients without H. influenzae. H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
Figure 7.
Figure 7. The incidence of breast cancer was 98 (3.073%) in the H. influenzae group compared to 171 (5.362%) in the control group. The difference was statistically significant by P < 2.2 × 10-16 (OR = 0.584, 95% CI: 0.515 - 0.661). OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
Figure 8.
Figure 8. Sexes of patients with and without previous H. influenzae infection after being matched with antibiotic treatment who developed breast cancer. In both the male groups, < 11 signifies that there were less than 11 patients in this subset of data. The exact number of patients could not be provided because of HIPPA constraints. H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
Figure 9.
Figure 9. Age ranges of patients with and without H. influenzae and antibiotic matching who developed breast cancer. H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
Figure 10.
Figure 10. Regions of breast cancer development most prevalent amongst individuals with and without prior H. influenzae infections after matching for antibiotic treatment. H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
Figure 11.
Figure 11. Timeline indicating which year the highest rate of breast cancer development was in patients with H. influenzae and patients without H. influenzae after antibiotic matching. H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.

Tables

Table 1. Age Ranges of Patients With Breast Cancer With H. influenzae and Without H. influenzae
 
Age rangesPatients without H. influenzaePatients with H. influenzae
H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
35 - 393812
40 - 446723
45 - 497323
50 - 549137
55 - 599941
60 - 6412438
65 - 6912348
70 - 7419687
75 - 7910141

 

Table 2. Years During Which Breast Cancer Developed Amongst Patients Who Had H. influenza and Patients Who Did Not
 
YearsPatients without H. influenzaePatients with H. influenzae
In the experimental group for 2020, < 11 signifies that there were less than 11 patients in this subset of data. The exact number of patients could not be provided because of HIPPA constraints. H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
201052343
201112063
20128949
20138357
20148456
20156342
20163938
20174831
20185446
20194235
202015< 11

 

Table 3. Age Ranges of Patients With Breast Cancer With H. influenzae and Without H. influenzae After Being Matched for Antibiotic Treatment
 
Age rangesPatients without H. influenzaePatients with H. influenzae
H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
50 - 543014
55 - 592519
60 - 643016
65 - 693714
70 - 745838
75 - 791817

 

Table 4. Years During Which Breast Cancer Developed Amongst Patients Who Had H. influenzae and Patients Who Did Not After Matching for Antibiotic Treatment
 
YearsPatients without H. influenzaePatients with H. influenzae
< 11 signifies that there were less than 11 patients in this subset of data. The exact number of patients could not be provided because of HIPPA constraints. H. influenzae: Hemophilus influenzae.
201014826
20114930
20123532
20132333
20142128
20151815
20161312
201715< 11
2018< 1112