World J Oncol

World Journal of Oncology, ISSN 1920-4531 print, 1920-454X online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, World J Oncol and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.wjon.org

Original Article

Volume 15, Number 2, April 2024, pages 239-245

Predictive Factors of Successful Double J Stent Insertion Among Advanced Cervical Cancer Patients

Figure 1. ROC curve of (a) urea, (b) creatinine, and (c) urine output. ROC: receiver operating characteristics.

**Table 1.** Subject Characteristics
Characteristics	Total (n = 88)
Data are expressed as n (%), mean ± SD, or median (min. - max.). SD: standard deviation.
Age	47.63 ± 10.258
> 40 years	69 (78.4%)
≤ 40 years	19 (21.6%)
Hydronephrosis grading
Mild	28 (31.8%)
Moderate	60 (68.2%)
Affected kidney
Unilateral	22 (25.0%)
Bilateral	66 (75.0%)
Cervical cancer staging
III	42 (47.7%)
IV	46 (52.3%)
Urea (mg/dL, median (min. - max.))	61 (15 - 188)
Creatinine (mg/dL, median (min. - max.))	3.00 (0.48 - 12.1)
Urine output (24 h, median (min. - max.))	1,350 (300 - 2,200)
Radiotherapy
Yes	30 (34.1%)
No	58 (65.9%)
History of pelvic operation
Yes	18 (20.5%)
No	70 (79.5%)

Table 1. Subject Characteristics

Characteristics

Total (n = 88)

Data are expressed as n (%), mean ± SD, or median (min. - max.). SD: standard deviation.

Age

47.63 ± 10.258

> 40 years

69 (78.4%)

≤ 40 years

19 (21.6%)

Hydronephrosis grading

Mild

28 (31.8%)

Moderate

60 (68.2%)

Affected kidney

Unilateral

22 (25.0%)

Bilateral

66 (75.0%)

Cervical cancer staging

III

42 (47.7%)

46 (52.3%)

Urea (mg/dL, median (min. - max.))

61 (15 - 188)

Creatinine (mg/dL, median (min. - max.))

3.00 (0.48 - 12.1)

Urine output (24 h, median (min. - max.))

1,350 (300 - 2,200)

Radiotherapy

Yes

30 (34.1%)

58 (65.9%)

History of pelvic operation

Yes

18 (20.5%)

70 (79.5%)

**Table 2.** Analysis Between Subject Characteristics and Success of Insertion
Characteristics	Subject group	P	OR (95% CI)
CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio.
Age			0.711	0.82 (0.30 - 2.21)
> 40 years	33 (47.8%)	36 (52.2%)
≤ 40 years	10 (52.6%)	9 (47.4%)
Hydronephrosis grading			< 0.001	9.20 (3.04 - 27.81)
Mild	23 (82.1%)	5 (17.95%)
Moderate	20 (33.3%)	40 (66.7%)
Affected kidney			0.036	2.91 (1.05 - 8.08)
Unilateral	15 (68.2%)	7 (31.8%)
Bilateral	28 (42.4%)	38 (57.6%)
Urea			0.138	1.92 (0.81 - 4.6)
< 50	20 (58.8%)	14 (41.2%)
≥ 50	23 (42.6%)	31 (57.4%)
Creatinine			< 0.001	5.17 (2.01 - 13.28)
< 4 mg/dL	34 (64.2%)	19 (35.8%)
≥ 4 mg/dL	9 (25.7%)	26 (74.3%)
Urine output			0.006	0.28 (0.11 - 0.71)
≥ 1,000 mL	9 (29%)	22 (71%)
< 1,000 mL	34 (59.6%)	23 (40.4%)
Cervical cancer staging			0.006	3.37 (1.41 - 8.10)
III	27 (64.3%)	15 (35.7%)
IV	16 (34.8%)	30 (65.2%)
Radiotherapy			0.051	2.45 (0.99 - 6.07)
Yes	19 (63.3%)	11 (36.7%)
No	24 (41.4%)	34 (58.6%)
History of pelvic operation			0.035	3.47 (1.11 - 10.79)
Yes	13 (72.2%)	5 (27.8%)
No	30 (42.9%)	40 (57.1%)

Table 2. Analysis Between Subject Characteristics and Success of Insertion

Characteristics

Subject group

OR (95% CI)

DJ stent (n = 43)

Nephrostomy (n = 45)

CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio.

Age

0.711

0.82 (0.30 - 2.21)

> 40 years

33 (47.8%)

36 (52.2%)

≤ 40 years

10 (52.6%)

9 (47.4%)

Hydronephrosis grading

< 0.001

9.20 (3.04 - 27.81)

Mild

23 (82.1%)

5 (17.95%)

Moderate

20 (33.3%)

40 (66.7%)

Affected kidney

0.036

2.91 (1.05 - 8.08)

Unilateral

15 (68.2%)

7 (31.8%)

Bilateral

28 (42.4%)

38 (57.6%)

Urea

0.138

1.92 (0.81 - 4.6)

< 50

20 (58.8%)

14 (41.2%)

≥ 50

23 (42.6%)

31 (57.4%)

Creatinine

< 0.001

5.17 (2.01 - 13.28)

< 4 mg/dL

34 (64.2%)

19 (35.8%)

≥ 4 mg/dL

9 (25.7%)

26 (74.3%)

Urine output

0.006

0.28 (0.11 - 0.71)

≥ 1,000 mL

9 (29%)

22 (71%)

< 1,000 mL

34 (59.6%)

23 (40.4%)

Cervical cancer staging

0.006

3.37 (1.41 - 8.10)

III

27 (64.3%)

15 (35.7%)

16 (34.8%)

30 (65.2%)

Radiotherapy

0.051

2.45 (0.99 - 6.07)

Yes

19 (63.3%)

11 (36.7%)

24 (41.4%)

34 (58.6%)

History of pelvic operation

0.035

3.47 (1.11 - 10.79)

Yes

13 (72.2%)

5 (27.8%)

30 (42.9%)

40 (57.1%)

**Table 3.** Multivariate Analysis
Variables	P	OR	95% CI
CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio.
Initial model
Hydronephrosis grade	0.001	13.622	2.998	61.888
Affected kidney	0.552	1.7	0.296	9.766
Cancer staging	0.024	4.297	1.21	15.259
Radiotherapy	0.995	0.995	0.233	4.256
History of surgery	0.204	3.05	0.546	17.018
Urea	0.014	3.175	0.694	14.532
Creatinine	0.006	6.815	1.471	31.564
Urine output	0.001	0.139	0.034	0.564
Constant	0.001	-	-	-
Final model
Hydronephrosis grade	< 0.001	18.203	4.311	76.858
Cancer staging	0.022	4.125	1.221	13.934
Urea	0.037	4.207	1.09	16.234
Creatinine	0.004	6.923	1.827	26.228
Urine output	0.003	0.121	0.03	0.486
Constant	0.001

Table 3. Multivariate Analysis

Variables

95% CI

Min.

Max.

CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio.

Initial model

Hydronephrosis grade

0.001

13.622

2.998

61.888

Affected kidney

0.552

1.7

0.296

9.766

Cancer staging

0.024

4.297

1.21

15.259

Radiotherapy

0.995

0.233

4.256

History of surgery

0.204

3.05

0.546

17.018

Urea

0.014

3.175

0.694

14.532

Creatinine

0.006

6.815

1.471

31.564

Urine output

0.001

0.139

0.034

0.564

Constant

0.001

Final model

Hydronephrosis grade

< 0.001

18.203

4.311

76.858

Cancer staging

0.022

4.125

1.221

13.934

Urea

0.037

4.207

1.09

16.234

Creatinine

0.004

6.923

1.827

26.228

Urine output

0.003

0.121

0.03

0.486

Constant

0.001