World J Oncol

World Journal of Oncology, ISSN 1920-4531 print, 1920-454X online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, World J Oncol and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.wjon.org

Original Article

Volume 2, Number 3, June 2011, pages 102-112

Gender Difference in Symptom Presentations Among Patients With Bone Metastases in Gender-Specific and Gender-Neutral Primary Cancers

**Table 1.** Baseline ESAS Cohort Demographics
	All Patients	Sub-Analysis
GI: Gastrointestinal; GYN: Gynecological
N	275	233	508	158	104	262
%	54%	46%	100%	60%	40%	100%
Age
Median (years)	71	67	69	67	69	68
Range	37 - 94	59 - 76	32 - 94	37 - 86	32 - 89	61 - 75
KPS
Median	60	60	60	60	60	60
Range	10 - 90	30 - 100	10 - 100	40 - 90	30 - 90	30 - 90
Primary Cancer Site (N =; %)
Lung	78 (28%)	50 (21%)	128 (25%)	78 (49%)	50 (48%)	128 (49%)
Breast	---	125 (54%)	125 (25%)	---	---	---
Prostate	117 (43%)	---	117 (23%)	---	---	---
Unknown	17 (6%)	16 (7%)	66 (7%)	17 (11%)	16 (15%)	33 (13%)
Multiple Myeloma	15 (5%)	13 (6%)	28 (6%)	15 (10%)	13 (13%)	28 (11%)
Colorectal	18 (7%)	9 (4%)	27 (5%)	18 (11%)	9 (9%)	27 (10%)
Renal Cell	10 (4%)	5 (2%)	15 (3%)	10 (7%)	5 (5%)	15 (6%)
Other GI	10 (4%)	1 (1%)	11 (2%)	10 (7%)	1 (1%)	11 (4%)
Bladder	6 (2%)	3 (1%)	9 (2%)	6 (4%)	3 (3%)	9 (3%)
GYN	---	4 (2%)	4 (1%)	---	---	---
Others	4 (1%)	7 (3%)	11 (2%)	4 (3%)	7 (7%)	11 (4%)
Dose/Fraction (N =; %)
800/1	127 (46%)	91 (39%)	218 (43%)	71 (45%)	38 (37%)	109 (42%)
2000/5	108 (39%)	105 (45%)	213 (42%)	62 (39%)	45 (43%)	107 (41%)
3000/10	13 (5%)	13 (6%)	26 (5%)	8 (5%)	7 (7%)	15 (6%)
Other	27 (10%)	24 (10%)	51 (10%)	17 (11%)	14 (13%)	31 (12%)

Table 1. Baseline ESAS Cohort Demographics

All Patients

Sub-Analysis

Overall

GI: Gastrointestinal; GYN: Gynecological

275

233

508

158

104

262

54%

46%

100%

60%

40%

100%

Age

Median (years)

Range

37 - 94

59 - 76

32 - 94

37 - 86

32 - 89

61 - 75

KPS

Median

Range

10 - 90

30 - 100

10 - 100

40 - 90

30 - 90

Primary Cancer Site (N =; %)

Lung

78 (28%)

50 (21%)

128 (25%)

78 (49%)

50 (48%)

128 (49%)

Breast

---

125 (54%)

125 (25%)

---

Prostate

117 (43%)

---

117 (23%)

---

Unknown

17 (6%)

16 (7%)

66 (7%)

17 (11%)

16 (15%)

33 (13%)

Multiple Myeloma

15 (5%)

13 (6%)

28 (6%)

15 (10%)

13 (13%)

28 (11%)

Colorectal

18 (7%)

9 (4%)

27 (5%)

18 (11%)

9 (9%)

27 (10%)

Renal Cell

10 (4%)

5 (2%)

15 (3%)

10 (7%)

5 (5%)

15 (6%)

Other GI

10 (4%)

1 (1%)

11 (2%)

10 (7%)

1 (1%)

11 (4%)

Bladder

6 (2%)

3 (1%)

9 (2%)

6 (4%)

3 (3%)

9 (3%)

GYN

---

4 (2%)

4 (1%)

---

Others

4 (1%)

7 (3%)

11 (2%)

4 (3%)

7 (7%)

11 (4%)

Dose/Fraction (N =; %)

800/1

127 (46%)

91 (39%)

218 (43%)

71 (45%)

38 (37%)

109 (42%)

2000/5

108 (39%)

105 (45%)

213 (42%)

62 (39%)

45 (43%)

107 (41%)

3000/10

13 (5%)

13 (6%)

26 (5%)

8 (5%)

7 (7%)

15 (6%)

Other

27 (10%)

24 (10%)

51 (10%)

17 (11%)

14 (13%)

31 (12%)

**Table 2.** Baseline ESAS Symptoms and Scores
ESAS symptom	All Patients	Sub-Analysis
* Females were significantly worse than males.
Pain	4.3	4.4	0.68	4.7	4.1	0.12
Tiredness	4.7	5.3	0.0422*	4.9	5.5	0.15
Nausea	1.3	1.8	0.0249*	1.5	1.4	0.81
Depression	2.3	2.8	0.0394*	2.5	2.8	0.25
Anxiety	3.0	3.6	0.0485*	3.2	3.5	0.47
Drowsiness	3.5	3.7	0.35	3.6	4.3	0.07
Appetite Loss	3.9	4.4	0.10	4.2	4.7	0.26
Well-Being	4.2	4.6	0.10	4.2	4.6	0.30
Breathlessness	1.9	2.6	0.0153*	2.2	2.5	0.69

Table 2. Baseline ESAS Symptoms and Scores

ESAS symptom

All Patients

Sub-Analysis

Mean Score

P-value

Mean Score

P-value

Male

Female

Male

Female

* Females were significantly worse than males.

Pain

4.3

4.4

0.68

4.7

4.1

0.12

Tiredness

4.7

5.3

0.0422*

4.9

5.5

0.15

Nausea

1.3

1.8

0.0249*

1.5

1.4

0.81

Depression

2.3

2.8

0.0394*

2.5

2.8

0.25

Anxiety

3.0

3.6

0.0485*

3.2

3.5

0.47

Drowsiness

3.5

3.7

0.35

3.6

4.3

0.07

Appetite Loss

3.9

4.4

0.10

4.2

4.7

0.26

Well-Being

4.2

4.6

0.10

4.2

4.6

0.30

Breathlessness

1.9

2.6

0.0153*

2.2

2.5

0.69

Table 3. Comparison Male and Female ESAS Item Results During Follow-up After Palliative RT for Bone Metastases

Weeks

* Statistically significant difference between genders (P < 0.05)

All Patients

Male

109

Female

Pain

Tiredness

Nausea

Depression

Anxiety

Drowsiness

Appetite Loss

Well-Being

Dyspnoea

Sub-Analysis

Male

Female

Pain

Tiredness

Nausea

Depression

Anxiety

Drowsiness

Appetite Loss

Well-Being

Dyspnoea

**Table 4.** Baseline BPI Cohort Demographics
	All Patients	Sub-Analysis
GI: Gastrointestinal; GYN: Gynecological
N	227	165	392	126	67	193
%	58%	42%	100%	65%	35%	100%
Age
Median (years)	70	61	68	67	66	67
Range	30 - 91	31 - 89	30 - 91	33 - 86	40 - 85	33 - 86
KPS
Median	70	70	70	70	70	70
Range	30 - 90	30 - 90	30 - 90	40 - 90	40 - 90	40 - 90
Primary Cancer Site (N; %)
Lung	68 (30%)	36 (22%)	104 (27%)	68 (54%)	36 (54%)	104 (54%)
Breast	2 (1%)	96 (58%)	98 (25%)	---	---	---
Prostate	98 (43%)	---	98 (25%)	---	---	---
Renal Cell	17 (7%)	5 (3%)	22 (6%)	17 (14%)	5 (8%)	22 (11%)
Colorectal	15 (7%)	7 (4%)	22 (6%)	15 (12%)	7 (10%)	22 (11%)
Unknown	9 (4%)	9 (6%)	18 (5%)	9 (7%)	9 (13%)	18 (9%)
Bladder	7 (3%)	5 (3%)	12 (3%)	7 (6%)	5 (7%)	12 (6%)
Other GI	5 (2%)	3 (2%)	8 (2%)	5 (4%)	3 (4%)	8 (4%)
GYN	---	2 (1%)	2 (1%)	---	---	---
Others	6 (3%)	2 (1%)	8 (2%)	5 (4%)	2 (3%)	7 (4%)

Table 4. Baseline BPI Cohort Demographics

All Patients

Sub-Analysis

Overall

GI: Gastrointestinal; GYN: Gynecological

227

165

392

126

193

58%

42%

100%

65%

35%

100%

Age

Median (years)

Range

30 - 91

31 - 89

30 - 91

33 - 86

40 - 85

33 - 86

KPS

Median

Range

30 - 90

40 - 90

Primary Cancer Site (N; %)

Lung

68 (30%)

36 (22%)

104 (27%)

68 (54%)

36 (54%)

104 (54%)

Breast

2 (1%)

96 (58%)

98 (25%)

---

Prostate

98 (43%)

---

98 (25%)

---

Renal Cell

17 (7%)

5 (3%)

22 (6%)

17 (14%)

5 (8%)

22 (11%)

Colorectal

15 (7%)

7 (4%)

22 (6%)

15 (12%)

7 (10%)

22 (11%)

Unknown

9 (4%)

9 (6%)

18 (5%)

9 (7%)

9 (13%)

18 (9%)

Bladder

7 (3%)

5 (3%)

12 (3%)

7 (6%)

5 (7%)

12 (6%)

Other GI

5 (2%)

3 (2%)

8 (2%)

5 (4%)

3 (4%)

8 (4%)

GYN

---

2 (1%)

---

Others

6 (3%)

2 (1%)

8 (2%)

5 (4%)

2 (3%)

7 (4%)

**Table 5.** Baseline BPI Items and Scores
BPI Items	All Patients	Sub-Analysis
* Females were significantly worse than males.
Worst Pain	7.1	7.8	No data	7.2	8.2	No data
Average Pain	4.9	5.2	No data	5.0	5.3	No data
Current Pain	3.5	4.0	No data	4.0	4.5	No data
General Activity	6.5	6.9	0.27	6.7	7.6	0.10
Mood	4.9	5.4	0.16	5.0	5.6	0.31
Walking Ability	6.1	6.3	0.0247*	5.6	7.0	0.0075*
Normal Work	6.7	7.1	0.52	7.0	8.0	0.34
Relationship	3.2	3.7	0.22	3.9	4.2	0.65
Sleeping	4.8	4.9	0.78	4.8	5.7	0.14
Enjoyment of Life	6.6	6.6	0.81	6.7	7.3	0.27

Table 5. Baseline BPI Items and Scores

BPI Items

All Patients

Sub-Analysis

Mean Score

P-value

Mean Score

P-value

Male

Female

Male

Female

* Females were significantly worse than males.

Worst Pain

7.1

7.8

No data

7.2

8.2

No data

Average Pain

4.9

5.2

No data

5.0

5.3

No data

Current Pain

3.5

4.0

No data

4.0

4.5

No data

General Activity

6.5

6.9

0.27

6.7

7.6

0.10

Mood

4.9

5.4

0.16

5.0

5.6

0.31

Walking Ability

6.1

6.3

0.0247*

5.6

7.0

0.0075*

Normal Work

6.7

7.1

0.52

7.0

8.0

0.34

Relationship

3.2

3.7

0.22

3.9

4.2

0.65

Sleeping

4.8

4.9

0.78

4.8

5.7

0.14

Enjoyment of Life

6.6

0.81

6.7

7.3

0.27

Table 6. BPI Follow-up Results After Palliative RT for Bone Metastases

Weeks

* Statistically significant difference between genders (P < 0.05)

All Patients

Male

Female

General Activity

Mood

Walking Ability

Normal Work

Relationship

Sleeping

Enjoyment of Life

Sub-Analysis

Male

Female

General Activity

Mood

Walking Ability

Normal Work

Relationship

Sleeping

Enjoyment of Life